RobertRossetti - TDD-Global

Q how to do ion milling thin film before doing xps

RobertRossetti Release Time: June 25, 2024, 10:18 AM

BloombergIn a stellar year for base metals, aluminium has led the pack. Now, producers say surging raw material costs could drive prices even higher.Alumina, the raw material used to make aluminium, has jumped 56 per cent since August after China shut down some production, triggering a wave of buying by traders and aluminium smelters. The rally is putting a strain on metal producers in China, where alumina accounts for 40 per cent of the cost of making aluminium. Cost pressures could worsen in the months to come as Chinese environmental reforms weigh most heavily on bauxite and alumina producers.That may give extra fuel for aluminium’s 28 per cent rally this year, the biggest since 2009.”The rise in raw material prices is lifting the global cost curve for aluminum production and that should support higher prices,” Svein Richard Brandtzaeg, chief executive officer of Norsk Hydro ASA, said in an interview. Prices for other key aluminium inputs including caustic soda, c...

0

Q difference between fully synthetic and synthetic blend

ZenobiaBradley

RobertRossetti Release Time: June 24, 2024, 3:00 AM

Bottle production via blow molding involves several key steps. Initially, manufacturers create a preform or parison, which is a tube-like piece of plastic with a hole in one end through which compressed air can be blown. This preform is then heated to a pliable temperature and placed in a mold that outlines the bottle’s desired shape. Once situated in the mold, compressed air is introduced into the preform, inflating it to match the mold’s contours, thus forming the bottle’s shape. After cooling and solidification, the bottle is ejected from the mold, ready for use or further processing like labeling or filling. This method allows for rapid production of bottles in various shapes and sizes, making it a preferred technique in the beverage, pharmaceutical, and cleaning product industries due to its efficiency and scalability.

0

Q what is the purpose of blow molding

CorneliaBarrie

RobertRossetti Release Time: June 22, 2024, 3:58 AM

In blow molding, a typical draft angle ranges from 1° to 3°. This slight angle on the mold cavity’s walls facilitates the removal of the final product without causing damage. The exact angle depends on the material used and the design of the product. For instance, stiffer materials might require a larger draft angle to compensate for their lack of flexibility. Moreover, deeper cavities might also necessitate a larger angle to ensure smooth demolding. Designers must balance the draft angle to maintain the product’s aesthetic appeal while ensuring it can be efficiently released from the mold. Overlooking this detail can lead to increased production costs and time due to difficulties in demolding or damage to the product.

0

Q what glue to use for polypropylene

MontagueI

RobertRossetti Release Time: May 26, 2024, 10:37 PM

Polypropylene (PP) is a notoriously difficult material to bond due to its low surface energy. Traditional adhesives often fail to properly adhere to PP. However, there are specially formulated adhesives designed for plastics like polypropylene. Cyanoacrylate adhesives (super glue) can be effective for small repairs, but their bond can be brittle. For a stronger, more flexible bond, two-component epoxies specifically designed for polypropylene or plastic-specific adhesives containing MMA (methyl methacrylate) are recommended. Surface pretreatment with a plasma or corona treatment can significantly improve adhesion, but these methods are more complex and typically used in industrial applications. For DIY projects, using an adhesion promoter or primer designed for polypropylene before applying the adhesive can also enhance bond strength. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the best results.

0

Q how much does injection molding cost

MaxRudolph

RobertRossetti Release Time: May 14, 2024, 5:51 AM

The cost of injection molding can vary significantly depending on several factors including the complexity of the mold design, the material used, the number of parts being produced, and the labor involved. Generally, the initial cost for creating a mold can range from $1,000 to $100,000, with the average mold cost lying somewhere in the middle. For production, the price per unit can decrease as volume increases, making injection molding an economical option for mass production. High-volume orders can drive the price down to a few cents per part, while low-volume orders might cost several dollars per piece due to the initial setup costs being amortized over fewer units. It’s important for businesses to consider these factors and possibly consult with a manufacturer to get an accurate estimate based on their specific needs. Injection molding is best suited for projects requiring thousands or more of the same part where the high initial investment can be offset by the low per-unit c...

0

Q coefficient of friction between polypropylene and steel

TheraMilton

RobertRossetti Release Time: May 12, 2024, 1:43 PM

The coefficient of friction (COF) between polypropylene (PP) and steel varies depending on several factors, including the surface finish of both materials, temperature, and whether the contact is under dry or lubricated conditions. Typically, the static coefficient of friction for polypropylene sliding against steel ranges from 0.20 to 0.35 in dry conditions. This value might decrease under lubricated conditions due to the reduced direct contact between the PP and steel surfaces. The exact value can also alter with the application of surface treatments or modifications to either the polypropylene or the steel, which can be employed to tailor the frictional characteristics for specific engineering applications. Understanding the COF is crucial for the design of components where polypropylene and steel interact, especially in machinery and equipment where control of sliding behavior is necessary for functionality and efficiency.

0

Q atactic polypropylene applications

OswaldFelton

RobertRossetti Release Time: May 5, 2024, 1:16 AM

Atactic polypropylene (aPP) is a variant of polypropylene that is characterized by its amorphous nature due to its irregular arrangement of methyl groups along the polymer chain. This structure imparts aPP with unique properties distinct from its isotactic counterpart, such as increased flexibility and lower melting point. Consequently, aPP finds applications in areas where these traits are advantageous. It is commonly used as a component in adhesives and sealants due to its excellent adhesive properties and compatibility with other polymers, enhancing tack and flexibility. In the packaging industry, aPP can be applied to improve the heat-seal performance of polymer blends. Its ability to act as an impact modifier is valued in plastics engineering, where it contributes to enhanced toughness in polymeric materials. Additionally, aPP serves in the production of elastomers and soft compounds, finding use in soft grips for tools, toys, and household items, exploiting its soft, rubber-like ...

0

Q molecular formula of caustic soda

SeanSamuel

RobertRossetti Release Time: April 29, 2024, 3:19 PM

The molecular formula for caustic soda is NaOH. This compound is also known as sodium hydroxide. It is a highly corrosive and strong base, widely used in various industrial processes such as paper manufacturing, soap making, and cleaning agents production. NaOH is composed of one sodium (Na) atom, one oxygen (O) atom, and one hydrogen (H) atom. In its pure form, caustic soda appears as a white solid. It is highly soluble in water, producing heat upon dissolution. Due to its reactivity and corrosiveness, caution is advised during handling. Caustic soda plays a critical role in pH regulation and chemical synthesis in many industrial applications.

0

Q does polyester mold

DorisBowen

RobertRossetti Release Time: April 18, 2024, 8:36 PM

Polyester, a synthetic fabric, is admired for its durability and resistance to shrinking and stretching. However, it is not immune to pilling, a common concern with many fabrics. Pilling occurs when fibers in the fabric break and form small balls or “pills” on the surface. For polyester, pilling can result from friction during wear or washing. While it’s less prone to pilling compared to natural fibers like cotton or wool, the quality of the polyester and how it’s woven can affect its tendency to pill. Blended fabrics, combining polyester with other fibers, may also have different pilling characteristics. Preventative measures include turning garments inside out before washing, using a gentle wash cycle, and avoiding high heat in drying.

0

Q difference between pigment and permanent markers

AlmaIngersoll

RobertRossetti Release Time: April 16, 2024, 11:36 AM

Pigment and reactive dyes are both used to color textiles but have essential differences. Pigments are insoluble particles that adhere to the surface of the fabric with a binder. They do not chemically react with fibers, making them versatile across various materials, but can result in less vibrant colors and a stiffer finish. On the other hand, reactive dyes chemically bond with the fabric, usually cellulose fibers, creating a permanent and wash-fast coloration. This type of dye is known for its bright, long-lasting colors, and soft finish on the fabric. However, reactive dyes require a more complex dyeing process, including a specific reaction condition and thorough washing to remove unfixed dye, which can lead to higher water consumption. In summary, while pigments offer versatility and ease of use, reactive dyes provide superior colorfastness and vibrancy but at an environmental and procedural cost.

0

Titanium Industry Chain

Paints & Inks Industry Chain

Resin Industry Chain

Powders Industry Chain

Coal Chemicals Industry Chain

Solvent Industry Chain

Sands & Minerals Industry Chain

Medical Industry Chain

Others