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Q
what monomer makes up starch and cellulose
I'm a seasoned industrial engineer with a keen interest in machine learning. Here to share insights on latest industry trends.
Both starch and cellulose are polysaccharides derived from glucose, a simple sugar that serves as their common monomer. Despite having the same monomer, the structures of starch and cellulose differ due to the type of glycosidic linkage connecting the glucose units. In starch, the glucose units are primarily linked by α(1→4) bonds (with α(1→6) bonds at the branch points in amylopectin), which allow it to be more easily digested by humans. Cellulose, on the other hand, has its glucose units linked by β(1→4) glycosidic bonds, forming linear chains that pack together to form strong fibers, which humans cannot digest due to the lack of an enzyme to break these bonds. This structural difference highlights the diverse functions of these carbohydrates in nature: starch as a primary energy storage compound in plants, and cellulose as a key structural component of the plant cell wall.
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