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what are reactive dyes
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Reactive dyes are a class of highly colored organic substances, primarily used for tinting textiles. They directly bond with the fabric fibers through a chemical reaction, making the dye part of the fiber. This results in brilliant colors that are more resistant to washing and sunlight. Unlike other dyes that merely adhere to the fabric and can wash out over time, reactive dyes form covalent bonds with the material, ensuring the colors remain vibrant for longer. Introduced in the 1950s, they have become popular for dyeing cotton, wool, and other cellulose-based fabrics due to their excellent colorfastness. Their application varies from dip-dyeing, batik, to machine dyeing, providing versatility for different design needs. However, the dyeing process requires careful control of conditions such as temperature and pH to achieve the desired outcomes. The environmental impact is a consideration as well, with advances in dye formulation and treatment technologies improving their sustainability profile.
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