Q
why is cellulose resistant to decay
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Cellulose, a complex carbohydrate found in the cell walls of plants, is resistant to decay primarily because of its high molecular weight and crystalline structure, which make it difficult for enzymes to break down. Additionally, cellulose is a polymer of glucose linked by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds, which are not easily broken down by common enzymes that animals and humans have. Instead, specific enzymes, such as cellulases, are required for its degradation. These enzymes are relatively rare and primarily found in certain fungi, bacteria, and protozoans adapted to environments rich in plant material. Furthermore, the hydrogen bonds between cellulose molecules in microfibrils add to its insolubility and resistance to hydrolysis. This structural rigidity and the necessity for specialized enzymes make cellulose resistant to rapid decay, allowing it to provide structural support in plants over longer periods.
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