Q
what amino acids fluoresce
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Certain amino acids exhibit fluorescence, which can be useful in various biochemical and biophysical studies. Among the naturally occurring amino acids, tryptophan (Trp), tyrosine (Tyr), and phenylalanine (Phe) are known to fluoresce. Tryptophan shows the strongest intrinsic fluorescence due to its indole ring structure. Tyrosine and phenylalanine also fluoresce but with much lower intensity compared to tryrosine. Fluorescence properties of these amino acids are often used as probes to study protein conformational changes, interactions with other molecules, and environmental effects on proteins. For example, tryptophan fluorescence is commonly utilized because its emission spectrum is sensitive to the local environment. Fluorescence techniques involving these amino acids have been instrumental in understanding structural dynamics and functions of proteins at a molecular level.
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