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how many amino acids are dispensable
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[The temperature of injection mold plastic depends on the type of plastic being used. Generally, temperatures can range from approximately 200°C to 350°C (392°F to 662°F). Each plastic material has a specific melt temperature and mold temperature that must be carefully controlled to ensure the quality of the final product. For example, Polyethylene (PE) is commonly injected at temperatures of around 200°C to 300°C, while more heat-resistant plastics like Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) might be injected at temperatures closer to 280°C to 310°C. Ensuring the correct temperature is crucial for achieving optimal flow properties, avoiding material degradation, and attaining the desired mechanical properties in the finished product. Factors such as the part design, mold design, and processing conditions also play a significant role in determining the ideal temperature settings for injection molding.]
[Injection mold plastic temperatures vary by material, typically within 200°C to 350°C (392°F to 662°F), critical for quality and properties of the final product.]
Amino acids combine to form peptides through a biochemical process known as dehydration synthesis or a condensation reaction. This process involves the removal of a water molecule (H2O) from the amino group (NH2) of one amino acid and the carboxyl group (COOH) of another amino acid. When the water molecule is removed, a covalent bond called a peptide bond is formed between the nitrogen atom of one amino acid and the carbon atom of the other. This bond links the amino acids together, creating a dipeptide. As this process repeats with additional amino acids, longer chains called polypeptides are formed, which can fold into complex shapes to become functional proteins. Proteins play critical roles in virtually all biological processes, acting as catalysts in metabolism, supporting cell structure, and regulating body tissues and organs.
Biological polymers are large molecules made by bonding smaller units called monomers. They are crucial to life, forming the cellular and structural components of living organisms. There are four main types: carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Carbohydrates, like starch and cellulose, provide energy and structural support. Proteins, made from amino acids, perform a vast array of functions, including catalyzing biochemical reactions as enzymes and serving as the building blocks of muscles. Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information. Lipids, although not polymers in a strict sense because they are constructed by linking together small units that are not repetitive, play critical roles in energy storage, cell membrane structure, and signaling. These polymers are synthesized through dehydration reactions and broken down by hydrolysis, essential processes in the metabolism of living organisms.
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