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what is polyvinyl acetate used for
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The translation of mRNA to amino acids is governed by the genetic code, where three nucleotides on the mRNA, known as a codon, encode for a single amino acid. Therefore, the number of mRNA nucleotides divided by three gives the number of amino acids produced. However, not all codons encode amino acids; three of the 64 possible codons signal stop codons, which terminate protein synthesis rather than encode an amino acid. The exact number of amino acids encoded by a segment of mRNA depends on its length and the specific sequence of codons. Additionally, the start codon AUG not only signals the start of translation but also encodes the amino acid methionine, highlighting the dual role some codons play.
Preventing a highlighter from smearing ink revolves largely around the type of ink you're highlighting over and the highlighter you're using. For inkjet printed materials, wait for the ink to completely dry before highlighting, as this ink is particularly prone to smearing. When dealing with gel pens or rollerball pens, similarly, give them time to dry. Consider the type of highlighter; water-based highlighters tend to smear less compared to alcohol-based ones on certain types of inks. Switching to a gel highlighter can also reduce smearing because they dry quickly on most surfaces and cling well to the paper. Alternatively, if you frequently encounter this issue, using digital tools to highlight electronic documents might be a more effective solution. This approach eliminates the risk of smearing altogether and provides additional flexibility in document handling.
During polypeptide synthesis, transfer RNA (tRNA) attaches amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid, which is selected according to the mRNA's codon during the translation process in the ribosome. The anticodon loop of the tRNA matches with the complementary codon on the mRNA, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added in sequence. This tRNA-amino acid complex is crucial for the accurate translation of genetic information from mRNA into a functional polypeptide, contributing to protein synthesis.
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