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how was pvc discovered
I'm a seasoned industrial engineer with a keen interest in machine learning. Here to share insights on latest industry trends.
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Excitatory amino acid injury refers to cellular damage caused by excessive stimulation of nerve cells by excitatory amino acids, such as glutamate. This overstimulation can lead to increased calcium influx into cells, activating enzymes that degrade proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, leading to cell death. This process is implicated in various neurological conditions, including stroke, traumatic brain injury, and neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Preventing or mitigating excitatory amino acid injury is a focus of research for potential therapeutic interventions to protect neural tissue and preserve function in these conditions.
Polypropylene (PP) is widely used for its exceptional combination of properties. Firstly, it has a high resistance to chemicals, making it ideal for containers and pipework that must withstand corrosive substances. Its fatigue resistance is crucial for products requiring repeated flexing, such as living hinges in plastic containers. PP is also lightweight, enhancing fuel efficiency in automotive applications and reducing shipping costs for all types of products. Additionally, it offers good electrical insulation, making it suitable for electronic components. Its ability to be easily molded into complex shapes and its recyclability further broadens its applications, aligning with growing environmental concerns. This versatility makes PP a go-to material in industries ranging from automotive and consumer goods to healthcare and construction.
Plasticizers are crucial additives that enhance the flexibility, softness, and processability of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials. PVC, a rigid polymer, becomes pliable and more elastic when mixed with these substances. Plasticizers function by inserting themselves between the long chains of PVC molecules, disrupting the intermolecular forces that bind them tightly together. This disruption allows the chains to slide past each other more easily, reducing stiffness and brittleness. Commonly used plasticizers include phthalates and non-phthalates like adipates and trimellitates. They're added during the manufacturing process in varying concentrations depending on the desired level of flexibility. For instance, in flexible PVC products like cables and medical tubing, up to 50% of the material's weight can be plasticizers. Without plasticizers, many of the versatile applications of PVC would not be possible.
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