Q
what is the chemical structure of amino acids
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Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, possess a central carbon atom (C) known as the alpha carbon. Attached to this carbon are four different groups: an amino group (-NH2), a carboxyl group (-COOH), a hydrogen atom (H), and a variable side chain (R group) that determines the amino acid's unique properties. The chemical structure formula can be summarized as NH2-CHR-COOH, where "R" represents the side chain. There are 20 standard amino acids, each with a different side chain ranging from a simple hydrogen atom to complex ring structures, influencing the amino acid's characteristics like acidity, basicity, polarity, and hydrophobicity. The sequence and chemical properties of these side chains play a crucial role in protein folding, structure, and function.
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