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Polyethylene, also known as polythene, is the polymer made from the monomer ethene (ethylene). It is the most common and widely used plastic in the world, recognized for its versatility and recyclability. The polymerization process of ethene involves breaking the double bond between the carbon atoms in ethene and connecting these molecules together into long chains. This can be achieved through various polymerization methods, such as radical, coordination, or anionic addition processes, leading to different types of
polyethylene with varying properties, such as low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE).
LDPE is known for its flexibility and is commonly used in film applications, like plastic bags and wrapping films. HDPE has a higher strength and is used in products like milk jugs, detergent bottles, and piping.
LLDPE combines both flexibility and strength, making it suitable for stretch films and flexible tubing. The wide range of properties and applications makes polyethylene a crucial material in everyday products, offering a balance between utility, cost-efficiency, and recyclability.