Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a strong base, can interact with PVC (polyvinyl chloride) under certain conditions. PVC is a robust material used widely due to its chemical resistance. However, when exposed to concentrated NaOH solutions, particularly at elevated temperatures, PVC can undergo degradation. This degradation process involves the dehydrochlorination of PVC, leading to the breakdown of its polymer chains. The extent of interaction and degradation depends on the concentration of the NaOH solution and the temperature at which the PVC is exposed. For most household and industrial applications, PVC's resistance to sodium hydroide is adequate, but caution should be exercised with highly concentrated NaOH solutions and at high temperatures.

Acetylene burns hotter than propane when used as a fuel gas in oxy-fuel welding and cutting processes. When mixed with pure oxygen, acetylene produces a flame temperature of about 3,330°C (6,020°F), compared to propane's flame temperature of about 2,820°C (5,110°F) when combined with oxygen. This higher temperature allows acetylene to cut through materials more quickly and weld more efficiently, which is why it is often preferred for certain industrial applications. However, propane is less expensive, safer to store (as it is less volatile than acetylene), and offers longer burn times, making it a popular choice for heating and metal cutting when ultra-high temperatures are not required.

The Data Ink Ratio, a concept introduced by Edward Tufte, a pioneer in the field of data visualization, is a metric used to evaluate the effectiveness of a chart or graph. It is defined as the fraction of a visualization's ink dedicated to the actual representation of data-related information, divided by the total amount of ink (or pixels) used to draw the graph. The principle behind this concept is to minimize non-data ink, which includes heavy grid lines, unnecessary labels, and decorative elements that do not convey essential information. By maximizing the Data Ink Ratio, designers can create cleaner, more straightforward visualizations that communicate information more efficiently and effectively. The idea encourages the removal of superfluous visual elements without sacrificing the integrity of the data being presented, ensuring that viewers can focus on what really matters.