Creating a cellulose sponge involves chemical processing that transforms wood pulp or cotton into a spongy material. Cellulose, the primary component of plant cell walls, is abundant in materials like wood and cotton. To make a cellulose sponge, start by breaking down these raw materials into a fine pulp through mechanical and chemical treatments. This process removes lignin and other impurities, leaving pure cellulose fibers. Next, these fibers are chemically treated to form a viscous solution, typically using sodium hydroxide and carbon disulfide, creating viscose. Viscose is then forced through tiny holes (spun) into long threads, which solidify in an air or water bath. These threads are cut into small pieces and washed thoroughly to remove residual chemicals. Finally, they're compressed under heat to form dense blocks, which can be further processed into sponges. For DIY projects, buying cellulose fiber and compressing it with heat may be more practical than starting from raw materials.

Titanium dioxide. a versatile ingredient found in hair care products. serves multiple purposes such as adding thickness. enhancing shine. providing lubrication and protecting against UV rays. It creates a protective barrier for the hair to shield it from environmental damage. While the topical use of titanium dioxide is generally deemed safe by health organizations. inhaling its powder form may have negative effects according to some studies. Thus. caution must be exercised when using hair care products that have potential to atomize. like dry shampoos with titanium dioxide. Prior research or seeking advice from a health expert is advised before incorporating such products into your routine.

Titanium belongs to the transition metals group in the Periodic Table, specifically in Group 4 alongside zirconium, hafnium, and rutherfordium. These elements share common properties like high melting points, high strength, and resistance to corrosion. Titanium itself is well-known for its strength-to-density ratio, being as strong as steel but much lighter, and its resistance to corrosion, including against sea water and chlorine. This makes it invaluable in aerospace, military, medical implants, and sporting goods. Despite its abundance in the Earth's crust, titanium is not found freely in nature but in minerals like ilmenite and rutile. The Kroll process is predominantly used for extracting titanium from these minerals. The combination of its unique properties and the complexity of its extraction contribute to its high value in various high-tech and industrial applications.