Q
titanium dioxide electrical resistivity
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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a semiconductor with its electrical resistivity highly dependent on crystal structure and doping level. Primarily, TiO2 exists in three phases: anatase, rutile, and brookite, with rutile being the most stable and thermodynamically favorable form. The resistivity of pure TiO2 varies widely; rutile has a typical resistivity of 10^3 to 10^5 Ω·cm at room temperature, significantly higher than that of metals. This variability is due to intrinsic defects and impurities, which can act as charge carriers. Doping TiO2 with elements such as nitrogen or fluorine can alter its electrical properties, reducing its resistivity and enhancing its photocatalytic and photoelectric applications. As a result, understanding and controlling the electrical resistivity of TiO2 is crucial for its use in applications ranging from photovoltaics to sensors.
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