Carbon polymers are covalent molecules due to their unique bonding structure. Covalent bonds form when atoms share electrons, creating a stable bond between them. In carbon polymers, carbon atoms share electrons with other carbon atoms and sometimes with other elements like hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. This sharing of electrons results in long chains or networks of atoms, forming polymers. Carbon's ability to form four covalent bonds allows it to create complex structures. These polymers can exist as linear chains, branched structures, or cross-linked networks, depending on the specific conditions during polymerization. Examples include polyethylene, where carbon atoms form a long chain connected by single covalent bonds, and diamond, a three-dimensional network of carbon atoms bonded covalently.

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Yes, amorphous polymers do have a glass transition temperature (Tg). This Tg is a critical temperature range where the polymer transitions from a hard and relatively brittle "glassy" state into a softer, more pliable "rubbery" state. Unlike crystalline materials that exhibit a sharp melting point, the glass transition in amorphous polymers is a gradual process. This transition is significant in determining the polymer's mechanical and thermal properties. Below the Tg, amorphous polymers are hard and rigid, while above the Tg, they become flexible and ductile. Understanding the Tg of an amorphous polymer is crucial for applications that require specific mechanical performance at various temperatures.