Mineral spirits, a petroleum-distilled solvent used primarily for thinning oil-based paints and cleaning, does not effectively dissolve polypropylene. Polypropylene is a thermoplastic polymer highly resistant to a wide range of chemical solvents, including mineral spirits. This resistance is due to its non-polar nature, which makes it inert to many types of chemical attacks. While mineral spirits can clean some surfaces of polypropylene by removing greasy substances or contaminants, they do not have the chemical capacity to break down or dissolve the polymer itself. For tasks requiring the dissolution of polypropylene, more aggressive chemicals like chlorinated solvents would be necessary, although their use is generally discouraged due to health and environmental concerns.

Titanium dioxide TiO2 nanoparticles possess numerous impressive physical and chemical properties. making them a highly sought-after material for various applications. These include a high specific surface area. exceptional optical activity. non-toxicity. cost-effectiveness. and environmental friendliness. With the advancement of nanotechnology. there are multiple methods available for fabricating and incorporating nanostructured TiO2 into different industries such as photovoltaics. water purification. photocatalysis. sensors. and healthcare. The fabrication process involves tailoring the size. phase. shape. and unique properties of TiO2 according to the intended use. Among the commonly used techniques are sol-gel method for its simplicity and control over particle size and shape. hydrothermal method for producing well-ordered crystal structures with larger aspect ratio particles. solvothermal method similar to hydrothermal but using a non-aqueous solvent. electrochemical method ideal for thin film applications. and others like flame jet pyrolysis and microwave-assisted synthesis.

Titanium ore, primarily in the form of the minerals ilmenite (FeTiO3) and rutile (TiO2), is found in both primary and secondary deposits worldwide. Primary deposits are often in igneous rocks, such as large, magmatic ilmenite deposits in Canada and Norway, and rutile deposits in Australia. Secondary, or placer, deposits, which are formed by the erosion of primary deposits and the subsequent concentration of the ore minerals in sedimentary systems, are found in various locations, including India, South Africa, and the United States. The heavy minerals are concentrated by wave and wind action in these placer deposits, making them economically important sources of titanium ore. Titanium's strength, low density, and resistance to corrosion make it valuable in aerospace, military, and biomedical industries.