Ungluing PVC is challenging because PVC glue isn't just an adhesive; it chemically fuses the pieces together. However, you can try cutting the glued area out and replacing it if feasible. For non-structural purposes, heat may sometimes soften the bond. Using a heat gun, gently apply heat around the glued area, then try to separate the pieces with pliers. Be cautious as overheating can damage PVC. Mechanical cutting is the most reliable method but requires precision and can lead to additional repairs.

Sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, serves several critical functions in dyeing processes. Primarily, it acts as a buffer to maintain the pH at a stable level. Many dyes, especially reactive dyes used in textile coloring, require a specific pH range to bind effectively with the fabric. The alkaline nature of sodium bicarbonate ensures that the pH remains conducive for the dye to react properly with the material. Furthermore, it aids in ensuring even distribution of the dye, preventing patchiness and improving color consistency. It also helps in the fixation of the dye to the fabric, enhancing the durability of the color. Moreover, in some dyeing techniques, it facilitates the creation of nuanced or special effects by controlling the dye’s reaction rate. Overall, sodium bicarbonate is indispensable in promoting optimal dye performance and achieving vibrant, long-lasting colors.

Terephthalic acid is an organic compound that serves as a precursor to many polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), commonly used in textiles and packaging materials. The molecular formula for terephthalic acid is C8H6O4. This formula reflects its structure, containing eight carbon atoms, six hydrogen atoms, and four oxygen atoms, arranged as a benzene ring with two carboxylic acid groups (COOH) at opposite ends (para position). This symmetrical structure is crucial for the polymerization processes it undergoes in the manufacture of durable and recyclable plastics. Its chemical properties and ability to form strong, lightweight, and flexible materials make it a vital component in the production of consumer goods, including bottles, fibers for clothing, and more.