The question seems to be asking which amino acids cause lysis (breaking down) of certain substances or cells, but it's essential to clarify that amino acids themselves don't typically "lyse" materials in the direct sense that enzymes or cytotoxic agents might. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and it's the proteins (enzymes, in particular) that can have catabolic effects, breaking down various substances, including other proteins, sugars, and lipids. However, certain amino acids play critical roles in the structure and function of these proteins. For example, the sulfur-containing amino acid cysteine is crucial in the formation of disulfide bonds that help stabilize protein structure, which can be involved in the enzymatic activity leading to lysis. Similarly, the basic amino acid lysine is often involved in the active sites of enzymes, potentially participating in catalytic processes including lysis. In the context of cytotoxicity and immune responses, amino acids like arginine and tryptophan can be pivotal in modulating immune cell function, which can lead to the lysis of infected or cancerous cells indirectly through the actions of those immune cells.

Extra heartbeats, medically referred to as premature beats or ectopic beats, arise from abnormal electrical impulses in the heart, deviating from the regular rhythm coordinated by the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinoatrial (SA) node. These can occur in the upper chambers (atrial premature beats) or lower chambers (ventricular premature beats) of the heart. Factors contributing to these extra beats include stress, caffeine, alcohol, tobacco, certain medications, or underlying health conditions like high blood pressure or heart disease. Although often benign and requiring no treatment, if frequent and symptomatic, they may necessitate medical evaluation to rule out more severe conditions. Lifestyle modifications and managing underlying disorders can mitigate symptoms.

The question about whether Charmaine from "Black Ink Crew: Chicago" is pregnant has circulated among fans of the show due to her vibrant personality and key role. As of the latest available information up to 2023, Charmaine Bey, formerly known as Charmaine Walker, welcomed her first child, a daughter named Nola Glenda Bey, with her husband Neek Bey in March 2020. Updates on her personal life, including any news of a subsequent pregnancy, would be best followed through her official social media channels or through announcements made on the show itself or by reputable media outlets. Given the nature of reality TV and the personal lives of its stars, changes and updates can occur rapidly.