The amount of titanium dioxide used in buttercream icing typically ranges from 0.5% to 1% by weight of the sugar used in the recipe. Its primary role is to enhance the icing's whiteness or to create more vibrant colors when used with other food colorings. Titanium dioxide is a common food additive approved for use in many countries, but its application and safety in food products have been subjects of regulatory scrutiny and debates over the years. For home bakers or professionals aiming for a specific hue or brightness without the use of titanium dioxide, alternatives like whitening agents based on natural sources or simply ensuring the sugar and butter are of the highest whiteness available can be effective strategies.

The use of titanium dioxide in homemade buttercream frosting is usually not the case. It is often used as a food coloring to produce a pure white color and can be found in commercial food production. Many manufacturers are avoiding titanium dioxide because of concerns about its use in food. The exact amount used depends on the specific product. but it is usually best to avoid or minimize it. If you purchase commercial frosting. make sure you check the ingredients list to avoid titanium dioxide.

Salvage yards typically do not coat engines. Coating an engine is usually done to protect it from corrosion and wear or to enhance its performance, which falls beyond the typical scope of services offered by salvage yards. These yards focus on storing and selling used parts "as is" after they've been removed from non-operatable vehicles. While some components might receive basic cleaning or superficial treatment to make them more appealing to buyers, comprehensive processes like engine coating aren't standard practice. Nonetheless, buyers looking for added protection or performance benefits can always opt for aftermarket coatings applied by professionals who specialize in engine refurbishment.

The choice between ink tank and inkjet printers largely depends on your printing needs and budget. Inkjet printers are traditional models that use cartridges. They're suitable for low-volume, occasional printing where the initial low cost is a priority over the cost per page. However, inkjet cartridges can be expensive to replace and might dry out if not used regularly. Ink tank printers, on the other hand, have refillable tanks that you fill with ink from bottles. They offer a lower cost per page, making them ideal for users with high-volume printing needs. Ink tanks also tend to have a higher initial cost but are more economical in the long run due to the low-cost ink refills. Another advantage is that the ink does not dry out easily, making it suitable for both frequent and infrequent users. In summary, if your printing needs are extensive and regular, an ink tank printer might be better due to its cost efficiency and lower maintenance. For occasional printing, an inkjet might be more cost-effective initially, despite the higher cost of replacement cartridges.