Titanium dioxide TiO2 has three main surface structures: rutile. anatase. and platinoid. Rutile has a square cell structure with two titanium and four oxygen atoms. The titanium atoms are coordinated to six oxygen atoms. with each oxygen atom connected to three titanium atoms. It has two distinct surfaces. the 110 and 100. with the 110 surface being the most stable and commonly exposed. Similarly. anatase also has an octahedral structure consisting of four titanium atoms and eight oxygen atoms. The titanium atoms are surrounded by oxygen atoms in an octahedral shape. Like rutile. its most stable surface is the 101. Lastly. plate titanium ore is found in nature and has a rhombic structure with eight unit faces and six unit faces. Its molecular structures have partially filled D orbitals that absorb ultraviolet light and can also absorb visible light when mixed with other elements.

It makes up about 0.57% of the earth's crust and is the ninth most abundant element. In addition to being the fourth most abundant structural metal behind aluminum. iron and magnesium. titanium is also not easily extracted. so its prevalence does not necessarily mean that it will be routinely utilized.

Polypropylene is a type of plastic commonly used in packaging, textiles, and automotive components. Generally, it is considered safe for use in many applications, including food storage, as it does not leach harmful chemicals under normal environmental conditions. However, potential health hazards could arise with exposure to polypropylene through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact under extreme conditions, such as high temperatures that could release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or other toxic substances. Additionally, manufacturing processes involving polypropylene can expose workers to fine particulate matter, which can cause respiratory issues. Proper handling and adherence to safety guidelines can mitigate most health risks associated with polypropylene.