Titanium dioxide is a common
pigment used to add whiteness and opacity to products like
paints, plastics, papers,
inks, foods, and some medications and
vitamins. Its inclusion in vitamins serves primarily aesthetic purposes, enhancing their color and brightness. Regarding safety, the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified
titanium dioxide as a Group 2B carcinogen, indicating it is "possibly carcinogenic to humans" based on limited evidence in animals and insufficient evidence in humans. However, this classification is mainly related to inhalation exposure, not ingestion. Regulatory bodies like the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) have approved the use of
titanium dioxide in food, which includes its use in vitamins, considering it safe when used within prescribed limits. Despite its widespread acceptance and use, some individuals and health organizations advocate for caution, recommending minimizing exposure to synthetic additives, including titanium dioxide, when possible. As research evolves, so do recommendations, making it essential for consumers to stay informed about the latest safety evaluations.